Asymmetry, borders, color, diameter, and evolution are the key factors for detecting changes and consulting a dermatologist.
Moles are a common feature of most people’s skin and are generally benign lesions. However, some can change over time, and such changes should be evaluated by a professional. To recognize potential warning signs, dermatologists use the ABCDE rule, a tool for examining five characteristics of a mole.
The guide covers asymmetry, borders, color, diameter, and evolution. While it cannot determine on its own whether a lesion is cancerous, it helps identify changes that warrant a medical consultation.
What each letter means
A stands for asymmetry. A warning sign appears when one half of the mole differs in shape from the other.
B refers to borders. Attention should be paid if they are irregular, uneven, blurred, or poorly defined.
C stands for color. A mole displaying multiple shades or changes from its usual color should be checked.
D represents diameter. Specialists recommend paying close attention to lesions larger than 6 millimeters, especially if they also show other changes.
E stands for evolution and refers to any recent change in the mole’s size, shape, color, or elevation. New symptoms such as itching or bleeding should also be considered.
When to consult a doctor
In addition to the ABCDE rule, other changes may warrant a consultation. A new lesion that grows, changes, itches, hurts, bleeds, or forms a scab—as well as a mole that looks notably different from the others—should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation is one of the factors linked to the appearance of moles. People who have experienced sunburns, particularly during childhood, may develop a higher number of pigmented lesions.
